OQDS-Insight

The bacterium <i>Xylella fastidiosa</i> (Xf) is a plant pathogen first identified in Europe in 2013, specifically in olive groves in the Apulia region (south-eastern Italy). It is now spreading across the Mediterranean basin and poses a serious threat to the local economy by causing branch desiccation and the rapid death of olive trees, a condition known as olive quick decline syndrome (OQDS). Several studies have investigated the potential of remote sensing (RS) technology to monitor OQDS over time and space; however, accurate and reliable data on OQDS occurrence remain scarce. To enhance the distribution data of Xf-infected trees in the Apulia region, we investigated an infection hotspot of 25 km² area in the province of Brindisi, where records of infections were documented in 2019 and 2020. Three very high resolution, commercial WorldView-2 images were acquired and segmented, resulting in a dataset of 77068 olive trees. Through photointerpretation, 2225 trees were identified most likely as either infected or removed due to OQDS. This dataset provides a valuable resource for developing or validating RS techniques for early detection of OQDS. Furthermore, it could support studies aimed to evaluate spectral bands or indices most correlated with infection presence. Finally, the dataset can be integrated with other Xf-infection presence data to support species distribution model studies.苛养木杆菌（Xylella fastidiosa，简称Xf）是一种植物病原菌，2013年首次在欧洲被发现，具体地点为意大利东南部普利亚大区的橄榄园。目前该病原菌已在地中海盆地扩散，可导致橄榄树枝条干枯、植株快速死亡，即橄榄树快速衰退综合征（Olive Quick Decline Syndrome，简称OQDS），对当地经济构成严重威胁。已有多项研究探索利用遥感（Remote Sensing，简称RS）技术开展OQDS时空监测的潜力，但目前关于OQDS发生的精准可靠数据仍较为匮乏。为完善普利亚大区Xf侵染橄榄树的分布数据，本研究针对布林迪西省一处面积25平方千米的侵染热点区域展开调查，该区域2019年与2020年均有侵染记录。研究获取了3幅商业级超高分辨率WorldView-2影像并进行分割，最终生成包含77068株橄榄树的数据集。通过目视解译，共识别出2225株疑似因OQDS染病或被移除的橄榄树。本数据集可为开发或验证用于OQDS早期检测的遥感技术提供宝贵的研究资源；此外，该数据集可辅助开展与侵染存在性高度相关的光谱波段或指数评估相关研究；最后，本数据集可与其他Xf侵染发生数据整合，用于物种分布模型相关研究。