Staphylococcus aureus RN4220 wild-type extracellular vesicle proteome

Bacteria actively secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs), spherical nano-sized proteolipids into the extracellular milieu. Bacterial EVs have gained wide interests as non-living complex vaccines or delivery vehicles. However, no studies have used bacterial EVs in treating cancer so far. Our results showed remarkable capability of EVs derived from Staphylococcus aureus RN4220 wild-type to effectively induce long-term anti-tumor immune responses that can fully eradicate established tumors without notable adverse effects. This anti-tumor effect was IFN-γ-dependent, and we present a comprehensive proteome of S. aureus RN4220 wild-type EVs to investigate which vesicular components induce the anti-tumor effects.