GIFT — Global Index of Family-Firm Turnarounds v13.0

GIFT — Global Index of Family-Firm Turnarounds Version 13.0 | Data freeze: 2026-02-27 Overview The GIFT is a structured, cross-country dataset of 3,865 corporate turnaround cases spanning 74 countries, all 7 World Bank regions, and the event period 2005–2025. Each case is described by 102 variables organised into 17 thematic categories, covering firm identification, ownership structure, financial distress indicators, turnaround actions, and outcome classification. Key Statistics MetricValueTotal cases3,865Countries74World Bank regions7Variables per case102Family-owned firms81.8% (n = 3,163)Outcome: ZOMBIE54.0% (n = 2,086)Outcome: SURVIVAL_ATTEMPT40.1% (n = 1,551)Outcome: DEATH5.9% (n = 228)Confidence: HIGH71.0% (n = 2,744)Confidence: MEDIUM22.2% (n = 858)Evidence coverage (avg.)87.5% Collection Methodology The dataset was constructed using SNIPER Deep Search, a novel LLM-augmented pipeline that combines trilingual web discovery (native language, English, Spanish), multi-layer information extraction across public records, court portals, PDF repositories, and niche news archives, and Bayesian confidence scoring. The pipeline implements a Medallion data-quality architecture (Bronze–Silver–Gold) with explicit promotion gates. 99.8% of cases achieved AUDITED_SILVER status or above. Anonymisation A four-stage anonymisation protocol was applied: (1) removal of direct identifiers (entity names, CEO names, buyer identities), (2) generalisation of quasi-identifiers (founding year, financial variables binned to ranges), (3) sanitisation of 19 evidence columns (106,377 PII redactions), and (4) k-anonymity verification and enforcement (target k ≥ 5). The protocol complies with LGPD (Lei 13.709/2018) and GDPR (Regulation (EU) 2016/679). Files Included GIFT_v13_Anonymized.csv — Main dataset (3,865 rows × 102 columns, anonymised) GIFT_Codebook_v13.tex — Full variable codebook (LaTeX source) GIFT_Data_Dictionary_v13.xlsx — Machine-readable data dictionary changelog_v12_5_to_v13.txt — Version changelog (8 documented fixes) references_atlas.bib — BibTeX references (32 entries) replication_docker.zip — Docker-based replication package analysis_scripts.zip — Python analysis scripts README.md — Dataset documentation CITATION.cff — Machine-readable citation metadata LICENSE.md — CC-BY 4.0 licence text Citation Tagliari, M. (2026). GIFT — Global Index of Family-Firm Turnarounds (v13.0) [Dataset]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18817682 Licence This dataset is released under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY 4.0) licence.