Punjabi translation of the Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index and to evaluate its adaptation, validity and reliability

The Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index (WORC) is a self-assessment tool developed by Kirkley et al. (2003) to measure disease-specific quality of life in patients with symptomatic rotator cuff disorders. t was originally developed in English and then translated in different languages to measures its usability in different cultures. The study aims to translate and culturally adapt the Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index (WORC) into Punjabi and assess its validity and reliability. Following Beaton’s Guidelines, the translation process included forward and backward translation by two translators, with approval from the original developer. Content validation was conducted using the Delphi method with 10 field experts having over five years of experience. Cultural adaptation involved 30 outpatient participants who provided feedback on scale clarity. Concurrent validation compared P-WORC scores with WORC and DASH, while reliability testing was performed with 51 patients to ensure consistency and accuracy.