Vigna radiata Transcriptome or Gene expression

Mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) seeds were obtained from Liangshan County Jindou Seed Industry Co., Ltd. (Shandong, China). Before experimentation, seeds were surface-sterilized using 70% ethanol for 1 minute, followed by soaking in 2% sodium hypochlorite solution for 10 minutes, and then rinsed thoroughly with sterile distilled water. A preliminary screening established the optimal concentrations of MgO NPs and Pb for inducing a moderate stress response in mungbean without causing severe toxicity. Surface-sterilized seeds were exposed to a range of MgO NPs (25-200 mg/L) and Pb (25-200 ppm, as Pb(NO3)2 (CAS 10099-74-8, Sigma Aldrich)) concentrations under controlled growth conditions. Based on germination assays and seedling vigor, 200 mg/L MgO NPs and 200 ppm Pb were determined to be severely toxic, significantly inhibiting growth or causing mortality. Consequently, 100 mg/L MgO NPs and 100 ppm Pb were selected for subsequent experiments, as these concentrations induced clear stress symptoms while maintaining seedling viability.