Map Viewing Service (WMS) of the data batch: Saint-Laurent-de-Gosse Natural Risk Prevention Plan (NRPP) — Landes (40)

The COVADIS Risk Prevention Plan Data Standard contains all the technical and organisational specifications for the digital storage of the spatial data represented in the Risk Prevention Plans (RPPs).

The major risks consist of the eight main natural hazards foreseeable in the national territory: floods, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, terrain movements, coastal hazards, avalanches, forest fires, cyclones and storms, and four technological risks: nuclear risk, industrial risk, risk of transport of hazardous materials and risk of dam failure.

The Risk Prevention Plans (PPR) were established by the Act of 2 February 1995 on strengthening the protection of the environment. The PPR tool is part of the Law of 22 July 1987 on the organisation of civil security, the protection of the forest against fire and the prevention of major risks. The development of a RPP is the responsibility of the State. It is decided by the Prefect. Whether they are natural, technological or multi-risk, risk prevention plans have similarities.

They contain three categories of information:
— Regulatory mapping translates into a geographical delimitation of the territory concerned by the risk. This delimitation defines areas in which specific regulations apply. These regulations are easement and impose requirements varying according to the hazard level to which the area is exposed. The areas are represented on a zoning plan that fully covers the study area.
— The hazards at the origin of the risk are contained in hazard documents which may be inserted in the presentation report or annexed to the RPP. These documents are used to map the different intensity levels of each hazard considered in the risk prevention plan.
— The issues identified during the preparation of the RPP can also be annexed to the approved document in the form of maps.

These similarities between the different types of PPR and the desire to achieve a good level of standardisation of PPR data have led COVADIS to opt for a single data standard, sufficiently generic to deal with the different types of risk prevention plan (natural risk prevention plans PPRN, technological risk prevention plans PPRT).

This data standard does not consist of a complete modelling of a risk prevention plan dossier. The scope of this document is limited to geographical data in the RPPs, whether regulatory or not. Nor is the PPR standard intended to standardise knowledge of hazards.

The challenge is to have a description for a homogeneous storage of the geographical data of the RPPs, since these data are of interest to several professions within the ministries responsible for agriculture, on the one hand, and ecology, and on the other hand, sustainable development.

COVADIS风险预防计划数据标准（COVADIS Risk Prevention Plan Data Standard）涵盖了风险预防计划（Risk Prevention Plans，以下简称RPPs）中所涉及空间数据（spatial data）的数字化存储所需的全部技术与组织规范。

本国境内可预见的主要风险包含8类自然灾害与4类技术灾害：自然灾害分别为洪水、地震、火山喷发、地形变形、海岸灾害、雪崩、森林火灾、气旋与风暴；技术灾害分别为核风险、工业风险、危险货物运输风险以及堤坝溃决风险。

风险预防计划（Risk Prevention Plans，缩写PPR）由1995年2月2日《加强环境保护法案》确立，该工具同时隶属于1987年7月22日《民用安全组织、森林防火与重大风险预防法》的规制范畴。风险预防计划的编制工作由国家负责，最终审批权归属省长。无论风险类型为自然、技术还是多风险，各类风险预防计划均存在共通特性。

风险预防计划包含三类信息：
— 合规制图：即对受风险影响的区域开展地理边界划定，明确特定监管要求适用的范围。此类监管规定包含地役权约束，并根据区域面临的灾害等级设定差异化合规要求；上述区域会在全覆盖研究区域的分区规划图中予以标注。
— 风险源灾害相关内容：相关灾害文档可嵌入汇报材料或作为附件附于风险预防计划之后，此类文档用于绘制风险预防计划中所考量的各类灾害的不同强度等级分布图。
— 编制过程识别问题：风险预防计划编制阶段识别出的各类问题，同样可通过地图形式作为附件附于已获批的文档中。

鉴于不同类型PPR的共通特性，以及对PPR数据实现高水平标准化的需求，COVADIS选择采用统一的数据标准——该标准具备足够通用性，可适配各类风险预防计划，包括自然风险预防计划（Natural Risk Prevention Plans，简称PPRN）与技术风险预防计划（Technological Risk Prevention Plans，简称PPRT）。

本数据标准并非对风险预防计划档案的完整建模，其覆盖范围仅局限于RPPs中的空间数据，无论该数据是否涉及监管要求。此外，本PPR数据标准亦不旨在实现灾害相关知识的标准化。

当前面临的核心挑战在于，需形成一套统一的描述规范以实现RPPs空间数据的同质化存储——此类数据同时受到负责农业、生态以及可持续发展的各部委内多个专业领域的关注。