Baseline characteristics of study participants, by intervention group.

Mean (SD), % [n] unless indicated otherwise.
*As indicated by a positive result for pLDH-based dipstick test (see text).
†Plasma C-reactive protein concentration ≥8 mg/L.
‡Stool samples could not be analyzed for 54 children (with 13, 14, 15 and 12 missing values in the 4 intervention groups). Prevalence calculated with total group numbers in denominator.
§Plasma zinc concentration <9.9 µmol/L.
||Plasma ferritin concentration <12 µg/L (6 missing values); restricted to children without inflammation at baseline (n = 101, 104, 100 and 106, respectively).
¶Measured as the crow flies, based on global positioning data.
**Data missing for 11 children.