Code and Data for "Carbon Footprints of Global Leading Tourism Enterprises"

The tourism industry has become a fast-growing contributor to global carbon emissions, underscoring the need for systematic accounting at the enterprise level. We evaluate the carbon footprints of 80 global leading tourism enterprises from 2018 to 2022. Total emissions declined from 70.39 to 63.96 Mt of CO2, with aviation remaining the most carbon-intensive activity, while electricity use and construction-related demand expanded rapidly. Revenue growth consistently drove emissions upward, whereas business restructuring and efficiency improvements offset part of this impact, producing divergent pathways across enterprise types. The top five companies all relied heavily on supply chain emissions, exceeding 70% of their totals, but differed in scale, business models, and technology adoption. Regionally, firms in developed markets achieved steady reductions, while those in emerging economies faced persistent energy-related constraints. By systematically quantifying firm-level carbon footprints, this study bridges the gap between sectoral and enterprise perspectives and provides a robust basis for targeted decarbonization strategies.