Integrating Hydrological Modeling for Sustainable Forest Management: Rose Swanson Mountain, British Columbia

The aim of this research was to identify hydrologically sensitive areas (HSAs) on Rose Swanson Mountain, British Columbia. The region of interest is operating as a timber harvesting area for British Columbia Timber Sales (BCTS) without a comprehensive hydrological map. The absence of this hydrology map puts the topography at risk of forest fires, intensified clearcut logging activities, sediment accumulation in waterways, and impact on soil health. By using advanced geospatial hydrological modeling techniques, the study evaluated the influence of timber harvesting activities on the ecosystem health of sensitive riparian areas. Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data was used to create digital elevation models (DEMs) and hydrological processes such as flow direction, accumulation, and stream network delineation were generated and then analyzed. A Topographic Wetness Index (TWI) was produced to identify areas prone to water accumulation, aiding in the mapping of potential sensitive zones with lakes, streams, ponds, wetlands, and rivers. Results highlighted the complex dynamics between timber harvesting and hydrology, emphasizing the need for strategic cut block planning to mitigate environmental impacts. A 20-meter buffer zone around water bodies was recommended to safeguard aquatic ecosystems, promoting biodiversity conservation and sustainable forest management practices. Spatial statistics provided quantitative metrics for environmental assessment, which looks to guide British Columbia Timber Sales’ (BCTS) decision-making processes in the Rose Swanson Area. The aim of this research is for it to be replicable for cut block planning. It underscores the importance of integrating hydrological considerations into forest management practices to protect sensitive riparian areas and ensure the integrity of forested landscapes. The commitment to prioritizing hydrological conservation through proactive measures will allow for resilient and biodiverse forest ecosystems for generations to come, especially amidst evolving environmental challenges.