Data from: A single domestication origin of adzuki bean in Japan and the evolution of domestication genes

Adzuki is a significant legume representing East Asian culinary culture, yet the origin of its domestication remains debated. Using ~700 wild and cultigen accessions across Asia, we showed that the initial domestication happened 3-5 kya in central Japan during the Jomon period, followed by a range expansion into China and secondary hybridization with the Chinese wild population. We mapped, validated, and dated key genes associated with seed coat color evolution (VaPAP1 for loss of black and VaANR1 for gain of red colors). The frequency increase of seed-color-associated mutants substantially predated that of the yield-ensuring pod-non-shattering phenotype and the wild-cultigen divergence. Despite the moderate connections between VaANR1 and seed permeability, our results challenge the progressive view of domestication and support archaeobotanical evidence of early weak selection.赤豆（Adzuki）是承载东亚饮食文化的重要豆科作物，但其驯化起源至今仍存争议。本研究依托覆盖全亚洲的约700份野生与栽培种质资源，证实赤豆的初始驯化发生于距今3000至5000年前的日本绳文时代中部地区，随后其分布范围扩张至中国，并与中国野生种群发生二次杂交。我们对与种皮颜色演化相关的关键基因开展了定位、验证及演化定年分析：其中VaPAP1负责黑色种皮性状的丢失，VaANR1负责红色种皮性状的获得。与种皮颜色相关的突变体的频率提升，显著早于保障产量的豆荚不落粒表型的出现，以及野生-栽培种群分化的时间节点。尽管VaANR1与种子透性存在中等程度的关联，本研究结果挑战了驯化的渐进式观点，并为早期弱选择的考古植物学证据提供了支撑。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集聚焦于小豆（adzuki bean）的驯化起源和驯化基因的进化研究，通过全基因组关联分析（GWAS）和选择清除扫描数据，揭示了小豆在约3000-5000年前日本中部绳文时代的单一驯化事件，并提供了种子颜色（如黑色和红色）及渗透性相关性状的遗传关联数据。数据集包含GWAS结果文件（如adzuki_GWAS_data.zip）和选择清除分析文件（如selection_sweep_scanning.xlsx），支持日本作为驯化起源地的假说，并挑战了渐进式驯化观点。