Principal component phenotypes of WT and PKU mice fed casein, AA, and GMP diets.

Values are means ± SE; N, no of mice; PC, principal component.tData transformed to satisfy assumptions of normality and variance.agenotype effect,bsex effect,cgt*sex,dgt*diet effect,egt*sex*diet effect.PC1: WT mice fed Casein had a significant increase in their calculated PC1 values compared to WT mice fed GMP or AA. PKU mice on the three diets had significantly lower values than WT mice. Additionally, PKU males and females had lower values than WT males and females of which PKU female values were the lowest.PC2: WT males fed GMP had reduced values compared to WT males fed casein, but were not different from WT males fed AA. There were no differences within the PKU male groups on the three diets, however PKU males fed AA had lower values than WT males fed AA or casein. There were no differences between the values within the WT females groups, however WT females fed AA were not different from PKU females fed GMP or AA, whereas WT females fed GMP or casein were significantly higher. PKU females fed casein had a significant reduction compared to PKU females fed AA, but not GMP. Additionally, WT females had higher values than WT males, and PKU females had higher values than PKU males with the exception of PKU females fed casein.PC3: WT mice had greater values than PKU mice, and females had greater values than males.PC4: WT mice fed casein had greater values than WT mice fed GMP or AA. PKU mice fed the three diets had a significant reduction in values compared to WT mice; however PKU mice fed AA were not different from WT mice fed GMP or AA. Male mice had greater values than female mice.