2020 Public Use Microdata Areas (PUMAs); PA, NJ, DE & MD

*USE geoid TO JOIN DATA DOWNLOADED FROM DATA.CENSUS.GOV* The TIGER/Line Shapefiles are extracts of selected geographic and cartographic information from the Census Bureau's Master Address File (MAF)/Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing (TIGER) System (MTS). The TIGER/Line Shapefiles contain a standard geographic identifier (GEOID) for each entity that links to the GEOID in the data from censuses and surveys. The TIGER/Line Shapefiles do not include demographic data from surveys and censuses (e.g., Decennial Census, Economic Census, American Community Survey, and the Population Estimates Program). Other, non-census, data often have this standard geographic identifier as well. Data from many of the Census Bureau’s surveys and censuses, including the geographic codes needed to join to the TIGER/Line Shapefiles, are available at the Census Bureau’s public data dissemination website (https://data.census.gov/). Public Use Microdata Areas (PUMAs) are statistical geographic areas for the dissemination of decennial census and American Community Survey (ACS) Public Use Microdata Sample files in which the Census Bureau provides selected extracts of raw data from a small sample of census records that are screened to protect confidentiality. The ACS also uses the PUMAs as a tabulation geographic entity. For the 2020 Census, the State Data Centers in each state, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico are involved in the delineation of the 2020 PUMAs. Counties and census tracts are used to define PUMAs, and each PUMA must include at least 100,000 people based on the 2020 Census published counts. For the 2020 Census in Guam and the U.S. Virgin Islands, the Census Bureau establishes a single, separate PUMA for each of these two Island Areas. American Samoa and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands do not have PUMAs, because the total population of each is under 100,000 people. Downloaded from https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2022/PUMA/ on June 22, 2023使用地理标识符（GEOID）关联从data.census.gov下载的数据集。 TIGER/Line形状文件（TIGER/Line Shapefiles）是美国人口普查局从主地址文件/拓扑集成地理编码与参照系统（Master Address File/Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing System，MTS）中提取的精选地理与制图信息数据集。该文件包含每个实体的标准地理标识符（GEOID），可与人口普查及调查数据中的GEOID实现关联匹配。TIGER/Line形状文件不包含普查与调查的人口统计数据，例如十年一次人口普查、经济普查、美国社区调查以及人口估计项目数据。其他非普查来源的数据通常也采用该标准地理标识符。美国人口普查局多项普查与调查的数据集（包括可用于关联至TIGER/Line形状文件的地理编码字段）均可通过普查局的公开数据发布网站（https://data.census.gov/）获取。 公共使用微数据区域（Public Use Microdata Areas，PUMA）是用于发布十年一次人口普查与美国社区调查（American Community Survey，ACS）公共使用微数据样本文件的统计地理区域，普查局在此类区域中会提供经隐私保护筛选后的少量普查记录原始数据摘录。美国社区调查也将公共使用微数据区域作为制表统计地理实体。针对2020年人口普查，美国各州、哥伦比亚特区以及波多黎各的州数据中心参与了2020年版公共使用微数据区域的划定工作。公共使用微数据区域以县与人口普查分区（census tract）为基础划定，且每个公共使用微数据区域需依据2020年人口普查公布的人口统计数据，至少容纳10万名居民。针对关岛和美属维尔京群岛的2020年人口普查，普查局分别为这两个岛屿地区各设立一个独立的公共使用微数据区域。美属萨摩亚与北马里亚纳群岛联邦因总人口不足10万人，未设立公共使用微数据区域。 本数据集于2023年6月22日从https://www2.census.gov/geo/tiger/TIGER2022/PUMA/ 下载获取。