Applicability of selected reaction monitoring for precise screening tests

The proactive identification of diseases through screening tests has long been endorsed as a means to preempt symptomatic onset. However, such screening endeavors are fraught with complications, such as diagnostic inaccuracies, procedural risks, and patient unease during examinations. These challenges are amplified when screenings for multiple diseases are administered concurrently. Selected Reaction Monitoring (SRM) offers a unique advantage, allowing for the high-throughput quantification of hundreds of analytes with minimal interferences. Our research posits that SRM-based assays, traditionally tailored for single-disease biomarker profiling, can be repurposed for multi-disease screening. This innovative approach has the potential to substantially alleviate time, labor, and cost demands on healthcare systems and patients alike. Nonetheless, there are formidable methodological hurdles to overcome. These include difficulties in detecting low-abundance proteins and the risk of model overfitting due to the multiple functionalities of single proteins across different disease spectrums – issues especially pertinent in blood-based assays where detection sensitivity is constrained. As we move forward, technological strides in sample preparation, online extraction, throughput, and automation are expected to ameliorate these limitations. The maturation of mass spectrometry’s integration into clinical laboratories appears imminent, positioning it as an invaluable asset for delivering highly sensitive, reproducible, and precise diagnostic results.