Range of the variables in the finite element simulations which were used to train and test the machine learning algorithms.

E and ν represent Elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio of the bones, tskull represents the skull thickness, wost and lost represent the width of the osteotomy and the distance between the sutures and osteotomy, nspring is the number of the springs implanted in the skull, xspring is the distance between the springs and both ends of the sutures, lskull and wskull represent skull length and width.