Assessment of Risk Stratification and Prognosis among Patients of AMI by Lipoprotein (A), Lipid Profile and Antioxidant Biomarkers

Introduction: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the important reasons for morbidity and mortality in the world. Indians are more prone to coronary artery disease (CAD) at a much younger age. Lipoprotein (a) [Lp (a)] levels have revealed wide ethnic variations. Lp(a) levels show link with clinical variables and severity of AMI in Gwalior region of India population needed further studies. The aim is to study and evaluate the alteration of lipid profile and lipoprotein (a) in AMI and compare it with that of a healthy population mainly in Gwalior region in India. Methodology: Case control studies involving 100 patients of AMI were taken as cases and 100healthy persons were used as controls almost same age and sex matched. They were analysed by measurement of various parameters like BP, biochemical parameters such as FBS, lipid profile, MDA, GPx, SOD and catalase enzymes and Lipoprotein (a). Serum Lp(a) estimation was performed by immunoturbidimetric method. Results: Our findings and evaluation demonstrated that elevated values of FBS, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-c, VLDL-c and Lp(a) level and decreased level of HDL-c and antioxidant enzymes (GPx, SOD and catalase) were observed in AMI subjects. Concentration of Lp(a) was significantly higher in AMI subjects (43.66±8.20) in comparison to control subjects (22.9±03.46).The values of all biochemical markers were found increased in AMI patients and the difference were found to be statically significant. The level of Lp (a) and Lipid profile were found positive correlation in AMI. Conclusion: Our study showed the patients of acute myocardial infarction have increased levels of serum Lp(a) as compared to healthy individuals. The increased level of serum lipoprotein(a) is strongly linked with the risk of coronary heart disease.