Exploring thermal tolerance across time and space in a tropical bivalve, Pinctada margaritifera

Ectotherm vulnerability to climate change is predicted to increase with temperature variation. Still, translating laboratory observations of organisms’ heat-stress responses to the natural fluctuating environment remains challenging. In this study, we used an integrative framework combining insights from thermal death time (TDT) curves and physiological reaction norms to precisely capture Pinctada margaritifera’s thermal performance and tolerance landscape. We then applied this integrative model to predict individuals’ cumulative heat injury as a function of actual temperature conditions documented at five contrasting islands across French Polynesia. Substantial injury was predicted for spats (ranging from 30.24% to 29.62%) when exposed to eight consecutive extreme low tide events in Nuku Hiva. Overall, this study highlights the potential of this framework to effectively quantify the impact of extreme events, such as marine heatwaves, and to guide resource management initiatives.

, Three different experiments (E1, E2 and E3, details below) were performed using hatchery-produced individuals issued from two reproduction events. The E1 experiment aimed to assess larval development completion (i.e., performance and upper limits) under a wide range of temperatures and intensities (i.e. time of exposure).In turn, the E2 and E3 allowed investigating the thermal sensitivity of spats experiencing stressful and permissive temperatures, respectively. , , # Data from: Exploring thermal tolerance across time and space in a tropical bivalve, Pinctada margaritifera

## Description of the data and file structure

**Results from E1 experiment**

**#e1-binary**
Column names indication:

*tank* : Tank ID
*replicate* : vial replicate ID
*time* : time of exposure at the thermal condition (in *minutes*)
*target_temp* : targeted temperature condition in the tank (in *degree Celsius*)
*mean_temp* : mean measured temperature in the tank over the entire experiment duration (in *degree Celsius*)
*sd_temp* : standard deviation of the measured temperaturein the tank over the entire experiment duration (in *degree Celsius*)
*status* : status of each larva success, alive(1) / dead (0)

**#e1-binomial**
*success* : number of alive larva in the vial at Tfinal (k)
*tot* : total number of embryo in the vial at Tinitial (n)
*dead* : number of dead larva in the vial (n-k)
*surv* : percentage of survival probability (k/n)

**Results from E2 experiment**

**#e2**
...,