BIOTECHNOLOGICAL PROTOCOLS AND PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF IN VITRO MICROPROPAGATION OF BERBERIS L. SPECIES: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

This article presents a systematic review of studies published between 2005 and 2023 on the in vitro micropropagation of representatives of the genus Berberis L., which are widely distributed across different regions of the world and constitute an important source of valuable bioactive alkaloids. The review comprehensively compares species, geographic regions, explant types, the ionic composition of culture media, plant growth regulators and their concentrations, as well as ex vitro acclimatization performance. The analysis demonstrated that Murashige and Skoog (MS) and Wood Plant Medium (WPM) media, together with 6-benzylaminopurine (BA/BAP) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), are the principal components ensuring high regeneration efficiency throughout all stages of micropropagation. Furthermore, current approaches for mitigating phenolic exudation from explants and the physiological mechanisms underlying adventitious root formation are critically synthesized. The findings provide a methodological and theoretical framework for establishing and optimizing in vitro propagation protocols and plant tissue culture systems for Berberis L. species.