无花果、果桑优新品种选育与应用

本项目属于社会公益类林业科学技术领域。由山东省林业科学研究院主持完成，主要开展无花果、桑椹种质资源收集、评价利用、优新品种选育、苗木繁育、栽培技术、绿色贮藏保鲜及深加工技术研发等系列科研及示范推广工作。通过项目实施取得山东省林木良种7个，新品种权实审和受理3项，制定林业行业标准2项，山东省地方标准2项，获得国家专利授权3项，为我国无花果、桑椹生产栽培提供了良种，为标准化栽培和加工提供了技术支撑，解决了无花果、桑椹产业发展的技术瓶颈，提升了无花果、桑椹生产和加工水平，增强了产品在国内外市场的竞争力和影响力，促进了我国无花果、果桑产业化发展进程。 1.无花果、桑椹种质资源引进、保存及评价、鉴定：收集国内外无花果、桑椹表现优异的种质资源160份，建立种质资源圃，对其果实营养特性、生长发育特性进行观测评价，开展了种质资源的抗寒性评价，利用SSR、RAPD分子标记技术对无花果种质资源进行遗传多样性进行分析，获得DNA图谱，并对品种资源进行了聚类分析。 2.无花果、桑椹优新品种选育研究：在现有种质资源收集评价利用的基础上，以引种驯化和实生选种为重要手段，针对当前无花果、桑椹产业发展需求，制定选育种研究目标，开展无花果、桑椹优新品种选育研究。通过引种驯化、实生选种的方法成功选育出适合山东、河南等地区栽培的无花果优新品种6个，桑椹优良新品种2个。 3.良种苗木繁育及栽培管理技术标准研制：针对当前无花果、桑椹产业快速发展对优质苗木的迫切需求，以及亟需实现标准化生产的现状，经多年研究、实践、总结提出了无花果、桑椹良种苗木繁育技术和标准化生产管理技术，研究制定无花果、桑椹苗木繁育和栽培管理技术规程林业行业标准和山东省地方标准4项，有效地规范无花果、桑椹育苗、栽培等生产技术规程，推动产业的标准化、规模化发展。

This project belongs to the field of public welfare-oriented forestry science and technology. Hosted by the Shandong Academy of Forestry Sciences, it has carried out a series of scientific research and demonstration promotion works including collection, evaluation and utilization of fig and mulberry germplasm resources, breeding of excellent new varieties, seedling propagation, cultivation techniques, green storage and preservation, and deep processing technology R&D. Through the implementation of the project, 7 forest tree improved varieties have been approved in Shandong Province, 3 plant variety right applications have been accepted and entered substantive examination, 2 forestry industry standards and 2 Shandong provincial local standards have been formulated, and 3 national patents have been authorized. These achievements provide improved varieties for the production and cultivation of figs and mulberries in China, provide technical support for standardized cultivation and processing, solve the technical bottlenecks restricting the development of the fig and mulberry industry, improve the production and processing levels of figs and mulberries, enhance the competitiveness and influence of related products in domestic and foreign markets, and promote the industrialization process of figs and mulberries in China.
1. Introduction, conservation, evaluation and identification of fig and mulberry germplasm resources: 160 outstanding germplasm resources of fig and mulberry from domestic and foreign sources were collected, and a germplasm repository was established. The fruit nutritional characteristics and growth and development traits were observed and evaluated, and the cold resistance of the germplasm resources was evaluated. The genetic diversity of fig germplasm resources was analyzed using SSR and RAPD molecular markers, DNA profiles were obtained, and cluster analysis was conducted on the variety resources.
2. Breeding of excellent new varieties of fig and mulberry: Based on the existing germplasm resource collection, evaluation and utilization, with introduction and domestication as well as seedling selection as the main methods, the breeding research objectives were formulated in response to the current development needs of the fig and mulberry industry, and research on the breeding of excellent new varieties of fig and mulberry was carried out. Through introduction and domestication and seedling selection, 6 excellent new fig varieties and 2 excellent new mulberry varieties suitable for cultivation in Shandong, Henan and other regions were successfully bred.
3. Development of technical standards for improved seedling propagation and cultivation management: In response to the urgent demand for high-quality seedlings driven by the rapid development of the fig and mulberry industry and the current need for standardized production, after years of research, practice and summary, technical regulations for improved seedling propagation and standardized production management of fig and mulberry were proposed. Four forestry industry standards and Shandong provincial local standards for fig and mulberry seedling propagation and cultivation management were formulated, which effectively standardized the production technical regulations for fig and mulberry seedling raising and cultivation, and promoted the standardized and scaled development of the industry.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集聚焦于无花果和果桑的优新品种选育与应用，由山东省林业科学研究院主持完成，涵盖了种质资源收集、评价、新品种选育、栽培技术及深加工技术研发等全链条科研内容。通过项目实施，取得了包括林木良种、行业标准、专利授权在内的多项成果，有效解决了产业技术瓶颈，提升了无花果和桑椹的生产与加工水平，推动了产业化发展。数据集属于植物学领域，以文本格式提供，数据时间覆盖2016年，共享级别为完全公开，可在线获取。