The key mechanism of sodium thiosulfate alleviating cadmium poisoning in shrimp: an integrated analysis based on growth, cadmium accumulation and multi-pathway response

Cadmium (Cd) pollution is a global environmental pollution problem. Its toxicity not only endangers the health of aquatic organisms, but also threatens human food safety through the food chain. Sodium thiosulfate (STS) is an environmentally friendly and efficient antidote. However, the mechanism of its detoxification effect in shrimp has not been clarified. In this study, the growth performance and Cd accumulation in hepatopancreas of Litopenaeus vannamei were evaluated to confirm the mitigation effect of STS on chronic Cd poisoning in shrimp, and further combined with transcriptome analysis to reveal its potential detoxification mechanism.