High-speed terrestrial substrate transitions: how a fleeing cursorial day gecko copes with compliance changes that are experienced in nature

1. Animal movement is often largely determined by abiotic conditions of the environment, including substrate properties. While a large body of work has improved our understanding of how different substrate properties can impact locomotor performance and behavior, few of these studies have investigated this relationship during transitions within a single locomotor event. 2. In nature, terrestrial animals frequently encounter substrate transitions, or changes in substrate level, incline, texture, and/or compliance during a single bout of movement, which can be sudden for high-speed animals. These animals often adjust their posture and kinematics during transitions, and in some cases lose forward velocity. 3. We examined the occurrence and effect of non-elastic compliance transitions in Rhoptropus afer, a cursorial day gecko known for its ability to sprint rapidly for several meters at a time. We recorded substrate use during provoked escapes in the field and conducted locomotor tria...