Salmonella enterica serovar 4,[5],12:i:- isolates used in this study.

am-PCR, multiplex PCR to identify S. Typhimurium [25]; IS200, PCR to identify S. Typhimurium [15]; up-fljA, boundary region of fljA and its upstream intergenic region; fljA–fljB, boundary region of fljA and fljB; fljB–hin, boundary region of fljB and hin; hin-down, boundary region of hin and its downstream intergenic region; +, positive; -,negative.b+, presence; -, absence.cRDNC, reacted but did not conform; RDNC-a–e, same letter indicates the same lysogenic patterns among RDNC isolates.dLDC, lysine decarboxylase; +, positive; -, negative.eA, ampicillin; S, streptomycin; Su, sulfamethizole; T, tetracycline; -, pansusceptible.