A near telomere-to-telomere chromosome-level genome assembly of Rhodiola yunnanensis(Crassulaceae)

Rhodiola yunnanensis(Crassulaceae) is an endemic medicinal plant distributed in the Hengduan Mountains of southwestern China. Here, we present a high-quality, near telomere-to-telomere chromosome-level genome assembly of R. yunnanensisgenerated using Oxford Nanopore long-read sequencing and Hi-C scaffolding. The assembled genome spans 643.28 Mb with a contig N50 of 51.92 Mb, and 98.46% of the sequence was anchored to 11 pseudochromosomes, among which eight are completely gap-free. Benchmark analyses showed a BUSCO completeness of 97.46%, while the LTR Assembly Index (LAI) score reached 20.50, both supporting a gold-standard level of assembly quality. Telomeric repeat motifs were detected at both ends of 10 pseudochromosomes, and centromeric regions were identified on all 11 chromosomes. We predicted 36,495 protein-coding genes, 94.16% of which were functionally annotated, together with 1,643 transcription factors and 6,429 non-coding RNAs.This high-quality genome provides a valuable resource for studying alpine adaptation, specialized metabolite biosynthesis, and evolutionary diversification in Rhodiolaand other high-altitude plants.