The effect of PPAR gamma ligands on the transcriptome profile of the porcine endometrium in the mid-luteal phase of the estrous cycle during LPS-induced inflammation. RNA-seq raw reads of porcine endometrium treated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and 15‐deoxy‐Δ12,14‐prostaglandin J2 (PGJ2), or pioglitazone and PPARγ antagonist T0070907

During the past years, many evidences highlighted the importance of inflammation in the development of different pathologies including those occurring in the reproductive system such as endometriosis, endometritis and recurrent implantation failure. The aim of the presented study was examination of the in vitro effect of PPARγ ligands (natural or synthetic agonists and antagonist) on the transcriptome profile in the porcine endometrium during LPS-stimulated inflammation on 10-12 days of the estrous cycle. In addition, the effect of PPARγ ligands on alternative splicing events was analyzed. Referring to the current problem, we have focused on a possible mechanism for regulation of inflammation through PPARγ in the porcine endometrium. Endometrial slices were incubated in vitro in the presence of lipopolysaccharide and PPARγ agonists, 15‐deoxy‐Δ12,14‐prostaglandin J2 (PGJ2), or pioglitazone and PPARγ antagonist T0070907. The transcriptome profile was determined by RNA-Seq method. The present study revealed 3 and 4 genes that were up-regulated after PGJ2 or pioglitazone treatment, respectively. They are mostly involved in TNF-signaling pathway. In addition, this study revealed 62 genes that were differentially regulated after T0070907 treatment – 30 were up-regulated while 32 were down-regulated which are involved in the inflammatory response, neutrophil and eosinophil migration and toll-like receptors signalling pathway. Moreover, we have determined the effect of the tested ligands on alternative splicing in key gens engaged in reproductive and inflammation systems like prostaglandins synthases and insulin receptor.