Geophysical Survey of a Suspected Mass Grave at Kolce, Poland: GPR Dataset

The data were produced as part of a non-invasive geophysical investigation at Kolce, Poland, conducted within the project The Land Gone Wild: Archaeology and Transdisciplinary Research of Resilience Strategies in the 20th Century (project no. CZ.02.01.01/00/23_025/0008705, funded through the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic under the Jan Amos Komenský Operational Programme (OP JAK) and co-funded by the European Union). The investigated area comprises a former cemetery with a monument to the victims of fascism and adjacent meadows, where historical evidence indicates the possible presence of one or more mass graves. Their precise location and extent remain unknown. The research aimed to assess whether geophysical measurements could identify subsurface features potentially associated with the suspected graves and help determine their possible spatial extent. Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) was used together with magnetometry and frequency-domain electromagnetics to provide complementary evidence for archaeological and forensic assessment and possible subsequent field verification. This dataset contains GPR survey data acquired in four survey areas (A–D) at Kolce in 2026 using a MALÅ Explorer system with a 160 MHz antenna. It includes seven georeferenced horizontal time-slice maps covering two-way travel times from 15 to 75 ns, corresponding to approximate depths of 0.5–2.6 m based on an assumed electromagnetic-wave velocity of 0.07 m/ns. The dataset also contains a common relative-amplitude colour scale, original field profiles, final processed profiles, area-specific acquisition notes, and survey-area polygons in S-JTSK / Krovak East North (EPSG:5514). GPR anomalies are non-unique and should be interpreted together with other geophysical, archaeological, historical, and field evidence.