Research data and code for Separating the Roles of Crop Production Geography and Irrigation Efficiency in Gross Irrigation Withdrawal in China

This release contains the public numerical arrays and Python code supporting the associated manuscript. It includes province–crop-group–year blue-water-footprint, irrigation-efficiency, production, gross-withdrawal and withdrawal-intensity arrays; closed supply and demand margins; conditional gravity/IPF bilateral allocations; annual accounting results; source data for Figures 2–8; and scripts that reproduce the headline values and validate file integrity. The study covers 31 mainland Chinese provincial-level units and two aggregate crop groups during 2000–2018; 1999 irrigation-efficiency values are included only as the lagged reference for 2000. Model-allocated flows are not observed freight movements. The historical calculation workbooks and Tianditu administrative boundary geometry are not distributed.