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Immunohistochemistry
(IHC) was visualized by using an automatic multispectral imaging system with
associated software (Vectra II, PerkinElmer, version 2.0.7.1). The size and
zeta potential of HLPC and M@HLPC were measured by using a nanoparticle
tracking analysis (NTA, Particle Metrix, Germany, version 8.05.04). The
absorbance was measured by automatic microplate reader with associated software
(Tecan Infinite M200, version 1.6.19.2). The interaction between each
sub-component in HLPC were measured by microscale thermophoresis (MST, NT.115,
Nanotemper, Germany). Flow cytometry data was acquired with Backman CytoFLEX LX
Flow Cytometer with associated software (version 2.3.1.22). The biodistribution
of nanoparticles were observed by using IVIS imaging system (PerkinElmer, USA,
version 4.5.5).

Power analysis of the animal experiments
indicated that the chosen sample sizes per group are sufficient. We also
referred to relevant literature to determine sample sizes. For the in vitro and
in vivo experiments, we followed standards of good scientific practice. We used
at least 3 biological replicates or 3 animals per group, to calculate means and
standard deviations and to perform statistical analyses.

Statistical analyses were performed using
GraphPad Prism 8.0. Data were analyzed by two-tailed unpaired Student’s t-tests
(two groups) or One-way ANOVA (multiple-groups). P values less than 0.05 were
considered statistically significant.