Integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of Tritipyrum provides insights into the molecular basis of salt tolerance. Triticum durum x Thinopyrum bessarabicum

Soil salinity is a major environmental stress that restricts crop growth and yield. Here, crucial proteins and biological pathways were investigated under salt-stress and recovery conditions in Tritipyrum Y1805 to explore its salt-tolerance mechanism. In total, 44 and 102 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in Y1805 under salt-stress and recovery conditions, respectively. A proteome-transcriptome-associated analysis revealed that the expression patterns of 13 and 25 DEPs were the same under salt-stress and recovery conditions, respectively. Response to stimulus, antioxidant activity, carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, signal transduction, transport and catabolism and biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites were present under both conditions in Y1805. In addition, energy metabolism and lipid metabolism were recovery-specific pathways, while antioxidant activity, and molecular function regulator under salt-stress conditions, and virion and virion part during recovery, were Y1805-specific compared with the salt-sensitive wheat Chinese Spring. Y1805 contained 83 specific DEPs related to salt-stress responses. The strong salt tolerance of Y1805 could be attributed to the strengthened cell walls, reactive oxygen species scavenging, osmoregulation, phytohormone regulation, transient growth arrest, enhanced respiration, ammonium detoxification, transcriptional regulation and error information processing. These data will facilitate an understanding of the molecular mechanisms of salt tolerance and aid in the breeding of salt-tolerant wheat.