A data-driven approach for designing ecofriendly heterocyclic compounds for the soil microbiome

We selected (i) 3 beta-lactams: amoxicillin, penicillin, and cefapirin; (ii) 3 pyrimidine: azoxystrobin, pyrimethanil, and sulfadiazine; and (iii) 3 quinolines: ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin and quinclorac as typical heterocyclic pollutants for experiment. We constructed soil microcosms with 150 g of soil as a control group or with heterocyclic compounds adequately mixed with the soil to obtain two dose treatments. All microcosms were maintained under the same culture conditions for 30 days. Four biological replicates were performed for each treatment group. The soil samples were collected at 0, 15, and 30 days after treatment. High-throughput sequencing analysis of the soil microbiome at 0, 15, and 30 days after treatment was performed in four replicates, with a total of 156 samples.