Malus sieversii (Ldb.) Roem. Rhizosphere Microorganism Database

Due to soil nutrient loss, grazing, climate change, and diseases and insect pest outbreaks, the rhizosphere microecological imbalance of wild apple forests has aggravated the degradation and death of wild apples. 16S/18S high-throughput sequencing, PICRUSt2 and BugBase functional prediction, and a redundancy analysis method were used in this study to analyze the rhizosphere bacterial/archaeal and eukaryotic communities of M. sieversii (Ldb.) Roem. in eight regions of the Ili River. The results indicated that the bacterial/archaeal operational taxonomic units (OTUs), Shannon value, and community composition were significantly lower in regions A, E, and F than in other regions, and the abundance of Acidobacteriota, Verrucomicrobiota, Planctomycetota, Chloroflexi, and Methylomirabilota was also very low. The community composition of region B was similar to regions C, D, G, and H, but its OUTs and Shannon value were lower. However, the composition of dominant eukaryotic communities in the eight regions was relatively similar, and the difference was smaller than the relative abundance of bacterial/archaeal communities. The functional prediction results further confirmed the microbial phenotypes and protein functions related to the metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids, and vitamins in the wild apple rhizosphere. Through redundancy analysis, it was found that the relationship between environmental factors and rhizosphere microorganisms, such as Acidobacteriota, Verrucomicrobiota, Planctomycetota, Chloroflexi, and Methylomirabilota microbial communities with a relatively lower abundance in regions A, B, E, and F, was affected by soil pH, alkaline-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, and potassium, altitude, and relative humidity. The results showed that the number and diversity of rhizosphere bacteria/archaea in the 10-20 cm of wild apples in regions A, B, E, and F were relatively lower, and greatly affected by the external environment.