Experimental results on sand dollar larvae settlement following turbulence exposure from Bodega Marine Lab in 2014 (Turbulence-spurred settlement project)

<p><strong>Figure 7</strong>. Precompetent sand dollar larvae will settle following turbulence exposure in the presence of a natural inducer. (a) Twice as&nbsp;many larvae settled in sand extract following a 3 min exposure to intense turbulence (approx. 6 W kg−1; unpaired t-test, t4=−3.72, p=0.02). (b) Settlement in 40 mM excess KCl with this same batch of larvae also showed approximately 20% settlement following the same level of turbulence exposure, and was elevated relative to a no-turbulence, unmanipulated control treatment (Kruskal–Wallis, H2=−9.39, p&lt;0.01), as well as an accompanying handling control (not shown). Note that we conducted this experiment on day 12&nbsp;from our 25 August 2014 fertilization, a batch of larvae that was delayed relative to our other batches due, we suspect, to colder room temperatures and slightly more crowded conditions. These day 12 larvae were approximately the same stage (using our staging scheme modified from [20]) as the day 9–10 larvae from our other fertilizations (data not shown). Error bars are s.e.m.</p>

<p>See Hodin et al (2015) for full details.</p>

<p><strong>Related Reference:</strong><br />
Hodin J, Ferner MC, Ng G, Lowe CJ, Gaylord B. 2015. Rethinking competence in marine life cycles: ontogenetic changes in the settlement response of sand dollar larvae exposed to turbulence. Royal Society Open Science. 2: 150114. doi: 10.1098/rsos.150114.</p>

<p><strong>Related Datasets:</strong><br />
<a href=\"http://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/640389\">Turbulence settlement: fig.3</a><br />
<a href=\"http://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/640431\">Turbulence settlement: fig.4-6_Batches A &amp; B</a><br />
<a href=\"http://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/640454\">Turbulence settlement: fig.4-6_Batch C</a><br />
<a href=\"http://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/640491\">Turbulence settlement: fig.6b</a><br />
<a href=\"http://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/640538\">Turbulence settlement: fig.8</a><br />
<a href=\"http://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/640565\">Turbulence settlement: fig.8 bootstrap</a></p>