Testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT) incidence and related characterization in 129.MOLF-L1 congenic mice with or without in utero flutamide, DES, or radiation treatment.

aMean ± SEM.bValues given as absolute number and percentage of mice, testes, or tumors analyzed.cSince the incidence of tumors in the DES-treated mice was not increased from historical controls or the concurrent flutamide controls, we did not complete this arm of the study, and cannot rigorously conclude that there is no increase in tumor incidence in DES-treated mice compared to a sham-treated control group.dTwo cryptorchid testes (weights, 19 and 34 mg) were excluded from this average.eSignificantly different between treated and control mice, Fisher's exact Chi square test: PP≥0.05).fSignificantly different between treated and control mice, t test: PP≥0.05).