Dataset accompanying the publication: Increasing Solar Panel output with Blue-Green Roofs in Water-Circular and Nature Inclusive Urban Development

This dataset is based on a full-scale research performed on two adjacent apartment buildings in Amsterdam. One roof has a bitumen surface with a solar PV system, the other is a blue-green capillary irrigated solar roof with grey (shower-) water suppletion, with a constructed wetroof for grey water purification. In the research, the solar output of both roofs was measured and compared, including temperature, irradiation and humidity measurements. The dataset covers 5 months, June to October 2022, and includes only day data (hours with solar irradiation).<br>The dataset is being made public to act as supplementary data for publication(s) and the PhD thesis of Els van der Roest. Also, it might be used by other researchers.<br>This dataset is a result of the TKI project Urban Photosynthesis and is co-financed with PPS fundingfrom the Topconsortia for Knowledge &amp; Innovation (TKI’s) of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate. <br>Abstract of the paper:With an increasing demand for climate resiliency, water sensitivity, nature inclusiveness and energy efficiency in dense urban environments, the call for layered and multifunctional use of rooftops is rising. Vegetated roofs combined with Photo-Voltaic (PV) installations are an example of multifunctional and more effective use of available space, and well-irrigated systems could have an enhanced cooling effect. This research investigated a blue-green capillary irrigated solar roof with grey (shower-) water suppletion, with a constructed wetroof for grey water purification. Two full-scale commercial PV systems on twin rental apartment blocks in Amsterdam were analyzed, on a blue-green roof (BGR) versus a bitumen roof (BiR). The energy output, PV panel temperature, relative humidity and air temperature under the panels were monitored during 5 warmer months (June-October 2022). On average, a solar panel on the BGR is expected to produce 4.4% more energy than a solar panel on the BiR at similar irradiation. A clear difference in panel temperature on the roofs is only seen when the surface temperature of the roofs differs by at least 4.64°C. Otherwise, other factors such as wind or albedo have probably more influence on the PV panel temperature and thus on PV power output.

本数据集基于针对阿姆斯特丹两栋相邻公寓楼开展的全尺寸研究。其中一栋屋顶采用沥青铺装并搭载光伏（Photo-Voltaic，PV）系统，另一栋则为蓝绿色毛细灌溉式太阳能屋顶，以灰水（淋浴废水）补给，并配套人工湿屋顶用于灰水净化。研究过程中对两座屋顶的太阳能发电输出进行了测量与对比，同时同步采集了温度、太阳辐照度与湿度数据。数据集覆盖2022年6月至10月共5个月的时段，且仅纳入存在太阳辐照的日间时段数据。
本数据集将面向公众开放，既可作为Els van der Roest博士学位论文及相关发表成果的补充数据，亦可供其他研究人员使用。
本数据集是“城市光合作用”（Urban Photosynthesis）TKI项目的研究成果，由荷兰经济事务与气候部下属知识与创新顶级联盟（Topconsortia for Knowledge & Innovation，简称TKI）的PPS（Public-Private Partnership，公私合作伙伴关系）资金联合资助。
论文摘要：随着高密度城市环境对气候韧性、水敏感性、自然包容性与能源效率的需求持续提升，对屋顶进行分层多功能利用的呼声日益高涨。将植被屋顶与光伏装置相结合，是对可用空间实现多功能且高效利用的典型范例，而灌溉条件良好的系统还可增强降温效果。本研究针对采用灰水补给的蓝绿色毛细灌溉式太阳能屋顶展开探究，该屋顶配套人工湿屋顶以完成灰水净化。研究对阿姆斯特丹两栋相邻租赁公寓楼的全尺寸商用光伏系统进行了对比分析，分别为蓝绿色屋顶（Blue-Green Roof，BGR）与沥青屋顶（Bitumen Roof，BiR）。在2022年5个温暖月份（6月至10月）期间，研究人员对两座屋顶的光伏发电量、光伏面板温度、面板下方相对湿度与空气温度进行了持续监测。结果显示，在辐照度相近的前提下，安装于蓝绿色屋顶的光伏面板平均发电量较沥青屋顶高出4.4%。仅当两座屋顶的表面温差至少达到4.64℃时，才能观测到光伏面板温度的显著差异；其余情况下，风速或反照率等其他因素对光伏面板温度及光伏出力的影响可能更为显著。