Public Planning Institutions (EPA) Île-de-France

Perimeter of public development establishments (EPAs). In France a type of public establishment of an industrial and commercial nature consists of an operational structure under the authority of the State whose purpose is to carry out land and development operations on behalf of the latter, a territorial authority or a public establishment. In 2010, the Grenelle II Act authorised the government to – by means of an ordinance – renovate the urban planning code, in particular “clarifying the provisions relating to public land and development establishments and better distinguishing the legal framework applicable to them, specifying their competences and tasks and renovating their mode of governance”.