PHYTOCHEMISTRY AND ANTHELMINTIC EFFICACY OF ACETONIC AND DICLOROMETHANE EXTRACTS OF A. INDICA TWIGS ON FEMALE HAEMONCHUS CONTORTUS EGGS AND WORMS

Treatments using bioactive plants are increasingly being studied due to their low cost, availability and anthelmintic activities, but also because these plants do not present resistance to parasites. This study evaluated the effect of two extracts, dichloromethane and acetone, on Haemonchus contortus eggs and adult worms. With regard to the inhibition of H. contortus egg hatching, the results showed that the dichloromethane extract was more effective than the acetone extract at doses of 5, 2.5 and 1.25 mg/mL, with rates of 73.93%, 73.03% and 65.24% respectively. However, acetone extract recorded a high inhibition rate at doses of 10 and 20 mg/mL, with 85.59% and 92.04% respectively. Concerning mortality of adult female worms, concentrations of 5, 10 and 20 mg/mL showed the highest mortality rates compared with doses of 2.5 and 1.25 mg/mL. Mortality rates varied with time. The results show that the acetone extract showed the highest mortality rate with the 20 mg/mL dose (77%) and as early as 2ᵉ hour of exposure. For the dichloromethane extract, apart from the 0 hour of exposure, all concentrations recorded mortality rates whatever the time. Thus, we can deduce that A. indica could constitute an alternative for gastric nematode control. However, in vivo tests are needed to confirm the results obtained in vitro.