1982年黑鲪的生殖及早期形态数据集

本数据集所用材料主要是渤海鱼类增殖基础调查时收集的，卵和前期仔鱼系1982年5月8日于莱州湾东部的试捕渔物中取得腹部膨胀的雌鱼，解剖观察，卵巢内卵子的胚胎发育已达Ⅳ期1，当即取出部分卵子置于盛有新鲜海水的大口保温瓶及进行人工孵化。由于条件较差，仔鱼孵化后8个小时，即相继死亡。后期仔鱼和稚鱼为调查期间从水平网标本中取得的。生殖群体及精、卵巢标本资料为近年来的黄海调查所获得。详细描述了雌雄性亲鱼的体重范围、精巢和卵巢的发育情况、 卵子胚胎发育、前期仔鱼、后期仔鱼、稚鱼等发育情况。并得出黑郡鱼属卵胎生鱼类，但其受精卵仍属浮性卵，受精卵到仔鱼孵出所需要的时间目前尚不清楚，有待进一步研究，但从其初孵仔鱼的长度，仔鱼孵出前各部组织器官均已分化完善，从而初步估计其胚胎发是很长。卵巢和精巢有较大的悬殊，但从卵巢检查结果表明，卵子受精率极高，胚胎发育基本上也是同步的，受精卵在胚体形成后变为椭圆形，这并非该鱼的发育特点，可能是随着胚胎的发育卵子发生膨胀，彼此挤压的结果。早期发育在母体内进行，新陈代谢和气体交换得到充分保证。但其营养仍需卵子本身大而丰富的卵黄。仔鱼产出后卵黄即已被吸收尽，因此在进行人工苗种培育时必须考虑初孵化仔鱼的饵料问题。黑鲪仔鱼产出后口裂已很大，已具捕食能力，但尚存少量卵黄，这是与他种鱼类的主要区别之处等结论

The materials used in this dataset were primarily collected during the basic survey of fish stock enhancement in the Bohai Sea. Eggs and early-stage larvae were obtained from gravid female individuals captured in the catch sampled on May 8, 1982, in the eastern Laizhou Bay. Following anatomical observation, it was confirmed that the embryonic development of oocytes in the ovaries had reached stage Ⅳ. A portion of the eggs was immediately removed and placed in wide-mouth thermoses filled with fresh seawater for artificial incubation. Due to suboptimal conditions, the larvae died consecutively 8 hours after hatching. Late-stage larvae and juveniles were collected from horizontal net samples during the survey period. Specimen data of spawning stocks, testes and ovaries were acquired from recent surveys conducted in the Yellow Sea.

This dataset comprehensively describes the weight ranges of male and female broodstock, the developmental status of testes and ovaries, the embryonic development of oocytes, and the developmental processes of early larvae, late-stage larvae and juveniles. It is concluded that the black rockfish (Sebastiscus marmoratus) is an ovoviviparous fish, yet its fertilized eggs belong to pelagic eggs. The duration required for fertilized eggs to hatch into larvae remains unclear and awaits further research. Based on the length of newly hatched larvae and the complete differentiation of all tissues and organs prior to hatching, it is preliminarily estimated that its embryonic developmental cycle is relatively long.

There is a significant disparity between the ovaries and testes. However, ovarian examination results indicate that the oocyte fertilization rate is extremely high, and embryonic development is largely synchronous. After the embryo forms, the fertilized eggs become oval-shaped. This is not a unique developmental trait of this species, but may arise from egg expansion and mutual extrusion during embryonic development. Early development occurs within the maternal body, which sufficiently guarantees metabolism and gas exchange. Nevertheless, the larvae still depend on the large and abundant yolk reserves within the eggs for nutrition. The yolk sac is fully absorbed immediately after larval parturition, so the bait provision for newly hatched larvae must be considered during artificial seedling cultivation. Newly hatched black rockfish larvae have a large mouth gape and already possess predatory capabilities, yet still retain a small amount of yolk. This constitutes the key difference between this species and other fish, alongside other relevant conclusions.