Melting temperaturesa of Hum24 and Hum48 G4DNAs formed in (Na + LiCl)b and NaClc solutions and G4DNA-ligand complexes ([ligand]:[DNA] ratio ‘r’ = 20 for M and 10 for the gemini ligands respectively).

aChanges in the circular dichroism spectral peak at 295 nm monitored as a function of temperature using 2 µM strand ODN concentration. b(Na + LiCl solution) = (10 mM sodium cacodylate pH 7.4 having 100 mM LiCl and 0.1 mM EDTA). cNaCl solution = (10 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4 having 100 mM NaCl and 0.1 mM EDTA). dΔTm values were obtained from the difference in the melting temperatures of the ligand bound and uncomplexed G4DNA. eNo significant increment in Tm. fFor entry 11, the G4DNA was formed in LiCl buffer (first heated to 95°C for 5 min and then cooled slowly). The results are average of two experiments and are within ±0.5°C of each other.