Multiple-and Cross-Resistance of Amaranthus retroflexus to Acetolactate Synthase (ALS) and Photosystem II (PSII) Inhibiting Herbicides in Preemergence

ABSTRACT: Herbicide resistance in Amaranthus genus occurs frequently around the word and has become a big problem in cotton producing areas. The objective of this work was to evaluate cross-and multiple-resistance of redroot pigweed (A. retroflexus) to herbicides used in preemergence in cotton fields in Brazil. Seven dose-response experiments were conducted with herbicides atrazine, prometryn, diuron, S-metolachlor, trifluralin, trifloxysulfuron-sodium and pyrithiobac-sodium, and the treatments consisted of application rates of 0, ¼, ½, 1, 2 and 4 times the recommended label rate. Eight A. retroflexus byotipes with suspect of resistance were sampled for experiments in three brazilian states of cotton producing. Resistance to prometryn was confirmed for one biotype in Goiás (GO), and one biotype from Mato Grosso (MT) showed cross-resistance to atrazine and prometryn. One byotipe from GO was identified with cross-resistance to trifloxysulfuron-sodium and pyrithiobac-sodium. One of the GO samples was identified with multiple resistance to prometryn and ALS inhibitors, another one to atrazine and ALS inhibitors, while MT byotipe was confirmed with multiple resistance to triazines and pyrithiobac. The herbicides S-metolachlor, diuron, and trifluralin were efficient for control of this species, therefore, they can be used as managment alternative in those regions.