Characteristics of the women who participated in the study according to infection status†.

†Women were grouped according to their malaria diagnoses during pregnancy, based on microscopy data. (SD) standard deviation. (IQ) 25th and 75th percentile. (n) number of women with data recorded. (%) percentage of total women in each group. (Hb) hemoglobin. (Ep.) number of episodes. (N/A) not applicable. Anemia: Hb◊Student's t-test: P. falciparum vs. no malaria, P = 0.015.•Student's t-test: P. falciparum vs. P. vivax, P = 0.029.§χ2 test: no malaria vs. P. vivax or P. falciparum, P