Process Evaluation of the Comprehensive Communities Program in Selected Cities in the United States, 1994-1996

This study was a process evaluation of the Comprehensive Communities Program (CCP) intended to develop insights into how community approaches to crime and drug abuse prevention and control evolved, to track how each site implemented its comprehensive strategy, to determine the influence of preexisting ecological, social, economic, and political factors on implementation, and to monitor the evolution of strategies and projects over time. Intensive evaluations were done at six CCP sites: Baltimore, Maryland; Boston, Massachusetts; Columbia, South Carolina; Fort Worth, Texas; Salt Lake City, Utah; and Seattle, Washington. Less intensive evaluations were done at six other CCP sites: Gary, Indiana; Hartford, Connecticut; Wichita, Kansas; the Denver, Colorado, metropolitan area; the Atlanta, Georgia, metropolitan area; and the East Bay area of northern California. At all 12 sites, 2 waves of a Coalition Survey (Parts 1 and 2) were sent to everyone who participated in CCP. Likewise, 2 waves of the Community Policing Survey (Parts 3 and 4) were sent to the police chiefs of all 12 sites. Finally, all 12 sites were visited by researchers at least once (Parts 5 to 13). Variables found in this data collection include problems facing the communities, the implementation of CCP programs, the use of community policing, and the effectiveness of the CCP programs and community policing efforts.

本研究系对综合社区计划（Comprehensive Communities Program，简称CCP）实施过程进行的评估研究，旨在深入探究社区针对犯罪与毒品滥用预防和控制的策略与措施如何演变，追踪各实施站点如何执行其综合战略，评估现有生态、社会、经济和政治因素对实施过程的影响，并监测策略与项目随时间演变的趋势。研究在六个CCP实施站点进行了密集评估：马里兰州巴尔的摩、马萨诸塞州波士顿、南卡罗来纳州哥伦比亚、德克萨斯州沃斯堡、犹他州盐湖城和华盛顿州西雅图。在另外六个CCP站点进行了较为宽松的评估：印第安纳州加里、康涅狄格州哈特福德、堪萨斯州威奇托、科罗拉多州丹佛大都会区、乔治亚州亚特兰大大都会区和加利福尼亚州北部东湾地区。在所有12个站点，均对参与CCP的所有人员进行了两次联盟调查（第一部分和第二部分）。同样，向12个站点的所有警察局长发送了两次社区警务调查（第三部分和第四部分）。最后，研究人员至少访问了所有12个站点一次（第五部分至第十三部分）。数据收集中发现的变量包括社区面临的问题、CCP项目的实施、社区警务的使用以及CCP项目和社区警务努力的有效性。