Data and code for Mapping greenhouse gas emissions from global cropland circa 2020

This dataset presents a global spatially explicit cropland management practices and associated greenhouse gas emissions at a 5 arcminute resolution circa 2020.By integrating national and sub-national census surveys, international reports, and literature, we reconstruct synthetic nitrogen fertilizer datasets, depicting the sub-national variability in application rate and fertilizer type across crops. To develop the methodology for estimating the manure application and crop residue handling (incorporation and in-field burning) data, we established a crucial linkage between cropland and livestock production systems through supply-demand of feed and crop nutrients. Our manure application estimates accounted for animal-specific age structure and performance, constrained by feed quality. We determined the usages of crop residues for different purposes by balancing the availability of crop production and feed demand of livestock systems. Additionally, we compiled multiple sources on rainfed and irrigated rice systems to represent global variations in water regime management. The spatial overlap crop-specific physical areas and peatland extent allowed us to quantify the area of drained peatland utilized for crop cultivation. Our integrated cropland management dataset serves as a robust framework to analyze emission variability across countries, crops, and GHG sources, reflecting differences in climatic conditions, land use patterns, and agricultural practices. We applied the IPCC 2019 refinement and IPCC 2006 guidelines to estimate cropland emissions circa 2020 from a variety of sources, including direct and indirect N₂O emissions from synthetic fertilizer, manure application, and crop residue incorporation; CO₂ emissions from urea application; CH₄ emissions from rice paddy; CO₂, N₂O, and CH₄ emissions from drained peatland for cultivation; and CH₄ and N₂O emissions from crop residue in-field burning.This dataset contains:<b>Input data</b>:World country distributionClimate zonesRunoffIrrigationLand useN fertilizer totalN fertilizer typeManureCrop residuesRiceCrop energy<b>Global cropland emissions</b>:FertilizerManureResidues incorporationRice CH4PeatlandBurning<br>