Multiclonal plasmodium falciparum dynamics after extended arthemether-lumefantrine treatment

To explore multiclonal Plasmodium falciparum infection dynamics over the course of artemether-lumefantrine (AL) treatment and recurrence in a high transmission setting, we used amplicon deep sequencing of three highly polymorphic markers, csp, cpp, and cpmp, to determine the MOI and to track the relative and absolute densities of individual parasite clones throughout follow-up. This study is part of a larger pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic trial of standard 3 day AL versus extended 5 day AL for the treatment of malaria in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected children aged 0.5-18 years, in the high transmission setting of Busia, Uganda.