Web Databases — Anonymized Moodle Examination Dataset for Fairness-Aware Learning Analytics

Overview This dataset contains anonymized Moodle examination logs from 206 undergraduate students enrolled in the "Web Databases" course at the University College of Applied Sciences (UCAS), Gaza, Palestine. The data covers seven different assessments (Theory and Practical) across four university sections. Research Context The dataset serves as the empirical foundation for research on fairness-aware learning analytics, specifically focusing on detecting "internet-induced inequality" in e-assessments within conflict-affected and low-bandwidth environments. It enables researchers to distinguish between genuine academic underperformance and infrastructure-induced examination failure. Data Composition The dataset includes rich behavioral indicators, including: Session start/end timestamps and effective durations. Per-question scores and grading status (including manual grading indicators). Unanswered question patterns used as disruption indicators. Disruption Pattern Taxonomy A key contribution of this dataset is the documentation of five empirically validated disruption patterns: Complete Disconnection: Student remains connected for the full duration, but all questions remain blank. Delayed Entry Disruption: Student enters the exam in the final minutes with < 5 minutes of effective time. Partial Interruption: Student completes only a portion of the exam with > 50% of questions left blank. Severe Late Access: Student begins the exam more than 30 minutes after the opening time. Repeated Infrastructure Vulnerability: Evidence of the same student being affected across multiple assessments. Anonymization & Ethics The dataset is pseudonymized in strict compliance with GDPR requirements. Student names are replaced with sequential labels (Student_A to Student_HR), and IDs are hashed using SHA-256 with a private salt. All Arabic text has been translated into English. The study and data release have been approved by the Institutional Review Boards (IRB) of the Islamic University of Gaza (IUG) and UCAS.