Birch-Derived Carbon Electrodes for Aqueous Supercapacitors

This manuscript contains structural and electrochemical characterization results for activated carbons produced from birch wood processing residues. The materials were synthesized using NaOH activation at different temperatures, yielding tunable pore structures and surface chemistries. Nitrogen sorption, XRD, Raman, SEM, and XPS analyses are included, together with full electrochemical testing in aqueous phosphate buffer electrolytes. Performance is benchmarked against the commercial activated carbon Kuraray YP80F, highlighting the potential of birch-derived carbons as sustainable, high-capacitance supercapacitor electrodes.