<b>Estimation of Seasonal, Additive and Non-additive Genetic Components in Diploid Banana (</b><b><i>Musa</i></b><b> spp.)</b>

This study focuses on improving the efficiency of breeding diploid bananas for important traits such as yield, fruit sizes, and weight. The partitioning of genetic variance into its additive and non-additive components is crucial. This is difficult in most commonly available family structures in banana breeding due to reduced fertility and complications of ploidy. However, the availability of replicated clones of full-sib progeny allows for greater insight into the genetics of perennial diploid banana. Clones of nine full-sib families generated in a factorial mating design consisting of six diploid parthenocarpic female and two wild diploid male banana (<i>Musa</i> spp.) parents were evaluated at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture in Arusha. Data was collected over two harvests (plant crop and first ratoon) to provide a better understanding of the genetic architecture of key traits and their seasonal influence. Pedigree-based models were fitted to the data to estimate additive, dominance, epistatic variance components and seasonal effects.本研究旨在提升二倍体香蕉产量、果实大小与单果重等重要性状的育种效率。将遗传方差划分为加性与非加性组分，是解析该类性状遗传基础的关键环节。但由于香蕉育性偏低以及倍性复杂，多数现有香蕉育种常用的家系结构难以实现上述遗传方差划分工作。不过，全同胞后代重复无性系（replicated clones of full-sib progeny）的应用，为解析多年生二倍体香蕉的遗传特性提供了更深入的研究路径。本研究在阿鲁沙的国际热带农业研究所（International Institute of Tropical Agriculture）开展试验，对采用析因交配设计（factorial mating design）培育的9个全同胞家系的无性系进行评价，该设计包含6个二倍体单性结实（parthenocarpic）雌性芭蕉亲本与2个野生二倍体雄性芭蕉（芭蕉属<i>Musa</i> spp.）亲本。研究通过两次收获期（植后首代收获与头季再生株收获）收集数据，以深入解析关键性状的遗传架构（genetic architecture）及其季节影响效应。研究采用基于系谱的模型（pedigree-based models）拟合试验数据，以估算加性、显性（dominance）、上位性（epistatic）方差组分与季节效应。