Symbols for variables used in the model and parameter values.

Data for the host obtained from various E. coli experiments [40–42], as is the case for host tradeoff functions and their parametrizations [34, 37, 38]; data for the virus into the ranges shown/used in experiments [43–45] and data that informed previous theoretical work [46]. For the calculation of the yield factor from the references, we assumed a fixed carbon content per host cell of 10−12 g. For other conversions, we used that the carbon content of glucose is 180.15588 mol ⋅ mol−1.