Cadmium (Cd) is accumulated in human astrocytes and induces the production of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8. Astrocytes are one of the major sources of chemokine C–C motif ligand 2 (CCL2; known as monoc
Smart materials can dynamically and reversibly change their structures and functions in response to external stimuli. In this study, we designed a smart magnetic composite (MNP-pSPA-b-pNIPAm) with a t
Insulin and IGF signaling (IIS) is a complex system that controls diverse processes including growth, development, metabolism, stress responses and aging. Drosophila melanogaster IIS is propagated by
Juvenile hormone (JH) regulates insect development and reproduction through both intracellular and membrane signaling, and the two pathways might crosstalk with each other. Recent studies have reporte
