Enterprise Survey 2005 - Latvia

Abstract
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This research was conducted in Latvia from March 10 to April 20, 2005, as part of the third round of the Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey. The objective of the study is to obtain feedback from enterprises in client countries on the state of the private sector as well as to help in building a panel of enterprise data that will make it possible to track changes in the business environment over time, thus allowing, for example, impact assessments of reforms. Through face-to-face interviews with firms in the manufacturing and services sectors, the survey assesses the constraints to private sector growth and creates statistically significant business environment indicators that are comparable across countries.

The survey topics include firm characteristics, information about sales/suppliers, competition, infrastructure services, judiciary/law enforcement collaboration, security, government policies/laws/regulations, financing, overall business environment, bribery, capacity utilization, performance and investment activities, and workforce composition.

Geographic coverage
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National

Analysis unit
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The primary sampling unit of the study is the establishment.

Universe
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The manufacturing and services sectors are the primary business sectors of interest.

Kind of data
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Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure
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The information below is taken from "The Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS) 2005: A brief report on observations, experiences and methodology from the survey" prepared by Synovate, a research company that implemented BEEPS III instrument.

The general targeted distributional criteria of the sample in BEEPS III countries were to be as follows:

1) Coverage of countries: The BEEPS III instrument was to be administered to approximately 9,500 enterprises in 28 transition economies: 16 from CEEE (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, FR Yugoslavia, FYROM, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovak Republic, Slovenia and Turkey) and 12 from the CIS (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan).

2) Sector: In each country, the sectoral composition of the sample in terms of manufacturing (including agro-processing) (1) versus services (including commerce) (2)was to be determined by their relative contribution to GDP. Firms that operate in sectors subject to government price regulation and prudential supervision, such as banking, electric power, rail transport, and water and waste water, were to be excluded from the design of the sample.

3) Size: At least 10% of the sample was to be in the small (3) and 10% in the large size categories. Firms with only one employee or more than 10,000 employees were to be excluded.

4) Ownership: At least 10% of the firms were to have foreign control (4) and 10% state control (4).

5) Exporters: At least 10% of the firms were to be exporters (5), meaning that some significant share of their output is exported.

6) Location: At least 10% of firms were to be in the category "small city/countryside" (6).

7) BEEPS 2002 sample coverage: The BEEPS III survey instrument was to be administered to a given proportion of respondents who participated in BEEPS 2002 and had agreed in principle, at that time, to participate in future rounds of the BEEPS.

Enterprises, which began operations in 2002, 2003 and 2004, were to be excluded from the survey.

(1). Mining and quarrying (Section C: 10-14), Construction (Section F: 45), Manufacturing (Section D: 15-37)
(2). Transportation, storage and communications (Section I: 60-64), Wholesale, retail, repairs (Section G: 50-52), Real estate, business services (Section K: 70-74), Hotels and restaurants (Section H: 55), Other community, social and personal activities (Section O: selected groups)
(3). Small=2-49 employees, Medium=50-249, Large=250 - 9,999
(4). More than 50% shareholding
(5). Exports 20% or more of total sales
(6). Population under 50,000 inhabitants

8) Central Statistical Bureau of Latvia data were used to prepare the sample frame.

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument
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The current survey instruments are available:

- Screener and Main Questionnaires

The survey topics include firm characteristics, information about sales/suppliers, competition, infrastructure services, judiciary/law enforcement collaboration, security, government policies/laws/regulations, financing, overall business environment, bribery, capacity utilization, performance and investment activities, workforce composition.

Cleaning operations
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Data entry and first checking and validation of the results were undertaken locally. Final checking and validation of the results were made at Synovate Head Office.

摘要
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本研究于2005年3月10日至4月20日在拉脱维亚进行，作为商业环境与企业绩效调查的第三轮调查。研究旨在收集客户国家企业的反馈，以了解私营部门的现状，并协助构建企业数据面板，以便追踪随时间推移的商业环境变化，从而允许进行例如改革影响的评估。通过对制造业和服务业企业的面对面访谈，调查评估了私营部门增长的制约因素，并创建了具有统计学意义的、可跨国家比较的商业环境指标。

调查主题包括企业特征、销售/供应商信息、竞争、基础设施服务、司法/执法合作、安全、政府政策/法律/法规、融资、整体商业环境、贿赂、产能利用、绩效和投资活动，以及劳动力构成。

地理覆盖范围
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全国性

分析单位
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研究的主要抽样单位为机构。

调查范围
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制造业和服务业是关注的重点商业部门。

数据类型
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样本调查数据 [ssd]

抽样程序
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以下信息摘自由Synovate（一家实施BEEPS III工具的研究公司）准备的《商业环境与企业绩效调查（BEEPS）2005：关于调查观察、经验和方法的简要报告》。BEEPS III国家样本的一般目标分布标准如下：

1) 国家覆盖范围：BEEPS III工具将应用于28个转型经济体的大约9,500家企业：来自中欧和东欧16个国家（阿尔巴尼亚、波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那、保加利亚、克罗地亚、捷克共和国、爱沙尼亚、前南斯拉夫、马其顿、匈牙利、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、波兰、罗马尼亚、斯洛伐克共和国、斯洛文尼亚和土耳其）和12个独联体国家（亚美尼亚、阿塞拜疆、白俄罗斯、格鲁吉亚、哈萨克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦、摩尔多瓦、俄罗斯、塔吉克斯坦、土库曼斯坦、乌克兰和乌兹别克斯坦）。

2) 部门：在各国，样本的部门组成（包括农业加工）[1]与服务业（包括商业）[2]相比，将根据其对GDP的贡献率确定。受政府价格监管和谨慎监管的部门，如银行、电力、铁路运输、水和废水处理的企业，将被排除在样本设计之外。

3) 规模：样本中至少10%属于小型[3]，10%属于大型规模。只有一名员工或超过10,000名员工的企业将被排除。

4) 所有权：至少10%的企业应拥有外国控制[4]和10%的国家控制[4]。

5) 出口商：至少10%的企业应是出口商[5]，这意味着它们产出的部分重要份额被出口。

6) 位置：至少10%的企业应属于“小型城市/乡村”类别[6]。

7) BEEPS 2002样本覆盖范围：BEEPS III调查工具将应用于在BEEPS 2002中参与的、当时原则上同意参加未来BEEPS轮次的受访者的比例。

2002年、2003年和2004年开始运营的企业将被排除在调查之外。

(1). 开采和采石业（C部分：10-14），建筑（F部分：45），制造业（D部分：15-37）

(2). 交通运输、仓储和通信（I部分：60-64），批发、零售、维修（G部分：50-52），房地产、商业服务（K部分：70-74），酒店和餐饮业（H部分：55），其他社区、社会和个人活动（O部分：选定群体）

(3). 小型=2-49名员工，中型=50-249名员工，大型=250 - 9,999名员工

(4). 股权超过50%

(5). 出口额占总销售额的20%或更多

(6). 人口少于50,000人

8) 使用拉脱维亚中央统计局的数据准备样本框架。

数据收集方式
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面对面 [f2f]

研究工具
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当前调查工具包括：

- 筛选问卷和主要问卷

调查主题包括企业特征、销售/供应商信息、竞争、基础设施服务、司法/执法合作、安全、政府政策/法律/法规、融资、整体商业环境、贿赂、产能利用、绩效和投资活动，以及劳动力构成。

数据清理操作
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数据录入和初步检查与验证在当地进行。最终检查与验证在Synovate总部进行。