Dataset Araya-Cornejo et al.: Coseismic uplift as strandplain-building mechanism morphodynamic and stratigraphic evidence from the 2010 Maule earthquake, south-central Chile

# Dataset **Associated publication:** Araya-Cornejo, C., Aedo, D., Martínez, C., Melnick, D., Araya, C., Carvajal, M., Belmonte, A., Moreno, M., Qüense, J. (*in review*). Coseismic uplift as strandplain-building mechanism: morphodynamic and stratigraphic evidence from the 2010 Maule earthquake, south-central Chile. *Geomorphology*. **Contact:** Cristian Araya-Cornejo — [e-mail] **Coordinate system:** WGS 84 / UTM Zone 18S (EPSG:32718) — all shapefiles **Vertical datum:** EGM2008 — topographic products --- ## Repository contents ### Root level | File | Description ||------|-------------|| `coastsat_shoreline_LHB_2000-2024.csv` | Satellite-derived shoreline time series at Laraquete–Horcones Beach (LHB), extracted using CoastSat (Vos et al., 2019) for the period 2000–2024. Columns: `year_decimal` (decimal year), `shoreline_position_m` (cross-shore position in metres relative to reference baseline), `uncertainty_m` (positional uncertainty in metres). Tidally corrected to mean sea level using TPXO9. || `ridge_spacings_filtrado.csv` | Inter-ridge spacing dataset for the Laraquete–Carampangue strandplain. Contains 122 consecutive beach ridge polyline pairs with minimum geometric distance (m), cross-shore position, and a validity flag (`spacing_valido`: 1 = retained, 0 = excluded as inter-patch digitization gap). See Supplementary Material S.2 for exclusion criteria. || `shoreline_change_statistics.csv` | Summary statistics of shoreline/SVDL change for NE and SW sectors. Includes NSM, EPR and LRR (± SE, R²) for pre-seismic (2002–2010), post-seismic (2010–2025), and total (2002–2025) periods. || `table_S1_inter_ridge_stats.csv` | Descriptive statistics and bootstrap BCa confidence intervals for inter-ridge spacing (n = 35 retained pairs). Includes mean, median, SD, IQR, min, max, CV, and 95% BCa CI for both mean and median (10,000 replicates, seed = 42). || `bootstrap_inter_ridge.py` | Python script that reproduces the bootstrap BCa analysis from `ridge_spacings_filtrado.csv` and generates `table_S1_inter_ridge_stats.csv`. Requires: numpy, pandas, scipy. Usage: `python bootstrap_inter_ridge.py` | --- ### GPS_vertical/ GPS vertical displacement time series for three continuous GNSS stations in the Gulf of Arauco region, used to quantify interseismic subsidence rates following the 2010 Maule earthquake (Mw 8.8). | File | Station | Location | Period ||------|---------|----------|--------|| `ARCO.tenv.txt` | ARCO | Gulf of Arauco coast (~5 km from LHB) | 2010–2025 || `HLPN.tenv.txt` | HLPN | Hualpén Peninsula (~40 km NE of LHB) | 2015–2025 || `PLVP.tenv.txt` | PLVP | Playa Venecia (~25 km SW of LHB) | 2010–2025 | Format: Nevada Geodetic Laboratory .tenv format. Columns: station, date (YYMONDD), decimal year, MJD, GPS week, day of week, longitude (°), X (m), Y (m), Z (m), and associated uncertainties and residuals. Source: Nevada Geodetic Laboratory (geodesy.unr.edu). These files are publicly available but included here for reproducibility. --- ### SVDL_vectors/ Multi-temporal seaward dune vegetation line (SVDL) shapefiles for 11 epochs (2002–2025) at LHB, digitized manually at 1:2,000 scale from high-resolution satellite imagery (0.5 m GSD). The SVDL was defined as the seaward limit of continuous pioneer macrophyte cover on the windward foredune face (Boak and Turner, 2005). Files are organized by date (ISO format) and sector:- `_NE` = NE sector (GPR 1 transect zone, ~360 m of coast, 24 transects)- `_SW` = SW sector (GPR 2 transect zone, ~510 m of coast, 34 transects) | Shapefile | Date | Notes ||-----------|------|-------|| `SVDL_2002-12_NE/SW` | December 2002 | Pre-seismic baseline || `SVDL_2006-01_NE` | January 2006 | NE sector only || `SVDL_2009-10_NE/SW` | October 2009 | Pre-earthquake (t₀ − 5 months) || `SVDL_2010-04_NE/SW` | April 2010 | Post-earthquake baseline (~40 days after Maule earthquake) || `SVDL_2011-10_NE/SW` | October 2011 | Post-seismic year 1 || `SVDL_2013-01_NE` | January 2013 | NE sector || `SVDL_2013-02_SW` | February 2013 | SW sector || `SVDL_2015-01_NE/SW` | January 2015 | Post-seismic year 5 || `SVDL_2017-01_NE` | January 2017 | NE sector || `SVDL_2017-11_SW` | November 2017 | SW sector || `SVDL_2019_NE` | 2019 | NE sector || `SVDL_2019-01_SW` | January 2019 | SW sector || `SVDL_2021-01_NE` | January 2021 | NE sector || `SVDL_2021-02_SW` | February 2021 | SW sector || `SVDL_2023-03_NE` | March 2023 | NE sector || `SVDL_2023-04_SW` | April 2023 | SW sector (early-autumn acquisition) || `SVDL_2025-10_NE/SW` | October 2025 | UAV-derived (0.05 m GSD) || `SVDL_compiled_NE` | All epochs | Compiled multi-temporal NE dataset || `SVDL_compiled_SW` | All epochs | Compiled multi-temporal SW dataset | Positional uncertainty: ±0.5 m (Google Earth Pro scenes); ±0.48 m (Skyfi 2010 image); ±0.05 m (UAV 2025). --- ### beachridges/ | File | Description ||------|-------------|| `beachridges.shp` | 123 beach ridge polylines of the Laraquete–Carampangue strandplain, digitized from a 1 m resolution LiDAR DTM (Digimapas Chile, 2004–2007). Used for inter-ridge spacing analysis (see `ridge_spacings_filtrado.csv`). Ridges are ordered seaward to landward by PCA of centroid coordinates. | Note: The source LiDAR DTM is not included in this deposit as it is provided by Forestal Arauco under a research-use confidentiality agreement and is not publicly available. --- ## Software and dependencies - **CoastSat** (shoreline extraction): https://github.com/kvos/CoastSat - **Landsat / Sentinel-2** imagery: Google Earth Engine (https://earthengine.google.com) - **Python** (bootstrap analysis): numpy, pandas, scipy - **QGIS 3.x** (spatial analysis): https://qgis.org --- ## License This dataset is released under **Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)**. You are free to share and adapt the material for any purpose, provided appropriate credit is given. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ --- ## Citation If you use this dataset, please cite the associated publication (reference to be updated upon acceptance) and this Zenodo deposit.