COGNITIVE-PRAGMATIC MODEL OF TRANSLATION OF UZBEKISTAN NATIONAL-CULTURAL REALITIES INTO GERMAN LANGUAGE BASED ON EQUIVALENCE AND TRANSCREATION

Translating Uzbek national-cultural realia (culture-bound lexical units reflecting unique ethnographic, social, historical, and material realities) into German presents persistent challenges due to cognitive, pragmatic, and cultural asymmetries between the source and target linguistic communities. This article proposes a cognitive-pragmatic model grounded in Relevance Theory, Adaptation Theory, and principles of equivalence and transcreation. Drawing on qualitative comparative analysis of literary examples (primarily from Abdulla Qodiriy’s O‘tkan kunlar and related translations) and theoretical frameworks, the study identifies key problems - lexical lacunae, loss of national colorit, pragmatic mismatch, and cognitive reframing difficulties - and evaluates strategies ranging from formal/dynamic equivalence to creative transcreation. Findings indicate that hybrid strategies (transliteration + explanatory gloss + contextual adaptation) combined with transcreation best preserve both semantic fidelity and pragmatic effect for German readers. The model offers theoretical guidance for translators and contributes to intercultural communication studies.