Physical and biogeochemical observations from Red Pond, New York, USA: 2021-2025

This resource contains physical and biogeochemical observations from Red Pond, a closed-basin, meromictic kettle lake located in western New York State, USA. These data were collected to gain a comprehensive understanding of the modern lake system to support numerical model calibration and interpretation of paleoclimate data from lake sediments. The lake surface area is approximately 1-hectare, and the 10-hectare catchment is forested and steeply sloping. The maximum depth is 18 meters. Profiles of water temperature, stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen, turbidity, chlorophyll, specific conductivity, and dissolved oxygen were collected from September 2021 through November 2025. A thermistor string also monitored water temperature at distinct depths during this period. Red Pond experiences ice cover during winter, and this resource has observations of ice cover thickness. Additional datasets included are air temperature and relative humidity observations from a weather station on the shore of the lake. This resource is divided into both raw and post-processed datasets, along with the R and Python code to do that processing and create figures. These datasets might be useful for regional limnology studies, model calibration, or future paleoclimate reconstructions.